
Introduction
Scarring is a natural part of the body’s healing process after an injury, surgery, or skin condition. While some scars may fade over time, others can become prominent and cause distress, affecting self-esteem and confidence. Fortunately, advancements in medical technology have led to various treatments that aim to improve the appearance of scars. One treatment We have used at TraceyBell is the CO2 laser, a powerful and effective tool for scar revision and reduction.
In this simple Overview, we will review the science behind scarring, explore the CO2 laser’s mechanism of action, and analyze its role in treating different types of scars.
Understanding Scarring- What Is Scarring
Scarring results from the body’s natural healing process following any injury to the skin, including burns, cuts, acne, surgical incisions, or diseases like chickenpox. When the skin is damaged, the body activates its repair mechanisms, involving collagen production. Collagen, the most abundant protein in the body, forms the scaffold that aids in wound closure. However, during this process, the body may overproduce collagen or create an imbalance in the arrangement, leading to an abnormal scar.
Types of Scars- There are different Types

- Hypertrophic Scars: These scars are raised, red and often occur within the boundaries of the original wound. They are a result of excess collagen production during the healing process.
- Keloid Scars: Keloids are similar to hypertrophic scars but extend beyond the borders of the original wound and can be much more significant. They may continue to grow and are more common in individuals with darker skin tones. These scars are often treated with Steroids injected
- Atrophic Scars: Atrophic scars are characterized by depression or indentation in the skin. They occur when the underlying structures supporting the skin, such as fat or muscle, are lost during the healing process.
- Contracture Scars: Contracture scars occur after burns, resulting in tight, constricted skin that can limit movement. These scars can also affect underlying muscles and nerves.
The Role of CO2 Laser in Scar Treatment
The CO2 (carbon dioxide) laser is an ablative laser widely used in various skin procedures, including scar treatment. The laser emits a concentrated beam of light absorbed by water molecules in the skin. As a result, the water in the cells is vaporized, causing controlled thermal damage to the targeted tissue.
- Collagen Remodeling: One of the primary ways the CO2 laser helps scar treatment is by stimulating collagen remodelling. The controlled thermal injury triggers the body’s natural wound-healing response, prompting the production of new collagen fibres. The new collagen helps to restructure the scar tissue and promote smoother, more even skin texture.
- Vaporization of Scar Tissue: The CO2 laser’s precise targeting allows the vaporization of the scar tissue layer by layer, promoting controlled removal of the scarred skin. This process, known as ablation, paves the way for healthier, fresh skin to emerge.
- Controlled Penetration Depth: The depth of penetration of the CO2 laser can be adjusted by the healthcare professional, allowing for customized treatment based on the scar’s type, size, and location. This control ensures that only the necessary layers of skin are targeted, minimizing the risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
Treating Different Types of Scars with CO2 Laser
- Acne Scars: Acne scars are a common concern for many individuals who have experienced severe or long-lasting acne. CO2 laser resurfacing has shown promising results in reducing the appearance of acne scars. By stimulating collagen production and removing damaged skin layers, the CO2 laser can lead to smoother, more even skin. We have treated many cases successfully with CO2 Laser
- Surgical Scars: Surgical scars from medical procedures can often be improved with CO2 laser treatment. The laser’s ability to remove scar tissue and promote collagen remodelling can help make surgical scars less noticeable over time.
Burn Scars: Burn scars, especially contracture scars, can be debilitating and affect mobility. CO2 laser therapy can help release tight scar tissue and improve the skin’s flexibility and movement.
- Traumatic Scars: Scars caused by accidents or injuries can also benefit from CO2 laser treatment. The laser’s precision and ability to target specific scar layers make it a valuable tool in reducing the appearance of traumatic scars.
Preparation and Procedure
Before undergoing CO2 laser treatment, patients should consult a professional with experience. During this consultation, the professional will assess the scar, discuss the treatment options, and provide detailed information about the procedure.
The professional will determine the appropriate laser settings and treatment plan depending on the scar’s characteristics and the patient’s skin type. Sometimes, the patient may need to prepare their skin beforehand, which may involve using specific skin care products or avoiding excessive sun exposure. The procedure can take anywhere from a few minutes to an hour or more, depending on the extent of the scar and the laser’s intensity.
Recovery and Aftercare
Following CO2 laser treatment, patients will experience some downtime and skin redness, similar to a sunburn. The treated area may also be sensitive and require special care, such as applying prescribed ointments and avoiding direct sunlight.
The skin will gradually heal over the next few days to weeks, and the treated area may appear pink or slightly discoloured. This is a normal part of the healing process and should resolve with time. During this period, following the healthcare professional’s aftercare instructions is crucial, including keeping the treated area clean, avoiding certain skincare products, and using sunscreen diligently to protect the healing skin.
Results and Expectations
CO2 laser scar treatment results are not immediate, as the skin needs time to heal and remodel collagen. Patients may start to notice improvements in their scars within a few weeks, but it may take several months for the full benefits to become apparent. Multiple treatment sessions may be required, depending on the scar’s severity and the desired outcome.
Patients need to have realistic expectations regarding the outcome of CO2 laser treatment. While the laser can significantly improve the appearance of scars, complete eradication may not always be possible. However, most patients experience a noticeable reduction in scar visibility and improved skin texture, leading to increased self-confidence and satisfaction.
Role of Injectable Polynucleotides in Scar Treatment

Injectable polynucleotides are a relatively new addition to aesthetic medicine and regenerative therapies. These polynucleotides are composed of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, and they play a vital role in cell communication and regeneration—using polynucleotides as injectable addresses several aspects of scar treatment, including collagen remodelling, tissue regeneration, and overall skin rejuvenation.
How Injectable Polynucleotides Work
- Collagen Remodeling: Injectable polynucleotides promote collagen remodelling in the scar tissue. When injected into the dermal layer of the skin, polynucleotides stimulate fibroblasts, the cells responsible for collagen synthesis. Polynucleotides can improve scar texture and a more natural appearance by enhancing collagen production and encouraging a more organized arrangement of collagen fibres.
- Cellular Communication: Polynucleotides play a crucial role in cell communication, allowing cells to exchange information and signals necessary for tissue repair and regeneration. By introducing polynucleotides into the scar tissue, communication between cells is optimized, facilitating healing and promoting healthier skin.
- Angiogenesis: Angiogenesis is the process of forming new blood vessels. Proper blood supply is essential for effective wound healing
- and tissue regeneration. Injectable polynucleotides can induce angiogenesis, ensuring that the scar tissue receives an adequate blood supply, which further supports the healing process and promotes healthier skin.
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Scarring can sometimes be accompanied by inflammation, which may contribute to the persistence of the scar. Injectable polynucleotides are anti-inflammatory, reducing inflammation and minimizing the risk of excessive scar tissue formation.
Conclusion
